At the end of the 1990s, the DB freight devision required replacements for hundreds of old electric locomotives, primarily for the so-called
→ Einheitslokomotiven (= Standard electric locomotives). Due to the increasing international activities a double-system locomotive class was demanded, which is also able to work under the 25 kV AC system. The first engines were delivered in the year 2000 and became a bestseller: more than 400 locos were built for the DB, and orders by many private operators followed, so that a total of more than 1,000 locomotives were sold.